## Common ground
All options refer to yams processed in different ways, either fresh, frozen, or preserved through various methods.
## Options at a glance
**0714.30 – Fresh or processed raw yams**
- **Defining trait:** Yams are sold fresh, chilled, frozen, or dried without preservation by vinegar, sugar, or other methods.
- **Typical examples:** Fresh yam tubers, frozen sliced yams, dried yam pellets.
- **Best fit when:** The product is unprocessed or only mechanically treated (e.g., peeled, sliced), not preserved.
**2001.90 – Preserved with vinegar or acetic acid**
- **Defining trait:** Yams are preserved using vinegar or acetic acid, typically for pickling or tangy flavor.
- **Typical examples:** Pickled yam slices, vinegared yam cubes.
- **Best fit when:** The product has a sour taste and is stored in vinegar-based brine.
**2004.90 – Frozen, preserved without vinegar**
- **Defining trait:** Yams are frozen and preserved using methods other than vinegar (e.g., salt, oil, or natural fermentation).
- **Typical examples:** Frozen yam chunks in brine, frozen yam with herbs.
- **Best fit when:** The product is frozen and not pickled or sugared.
**2005.99 – Not frozen, preserved without vinegar**
- **Defining trait:** Yams are preserved non-frozen using methods like salting, smoking, or oiling.
- **Typical examples:** Salted yam cubes, oil-packed yam slices.
- **Best fit when:** The product is shelf-stable at room temperature and not frozen.
**2006.00 – Preserved with sugar (glacé or crystallised)**
- **Defining trait:** Yams are preserved using sugar, often coated or crystallized for sweet taste.
- **Typical examples:** Glacé yam pieces, sugared yam cubes.
- **Best fit when:** The product is sweet and has a sugary coating or syrup.
## Key differences
| Option | Preservation Method | Frozen? | Sweet? | Sour? |
|--------|---------------------|---------|--------|-------|
| 0714.30 | None (raw) | Yes/No | No | No |
| 2001.90 | Vinegar/acetic acid | No | No | Yes |
| 2004.90 | Other than vinegar | Yes | No | No |
| 2005.99 | Other than vinegar | No | No | No |
| 2006.00 | Sugar | No | Yes | No |
## How to choose
- Is the yam preserved with vinegar or acetic acid? → 2001.90
- Is it frozen and not pickled? → 2004.90
- Is it non-frozen, not pickled, and not sugared? → 2005.99
- Is it coated in sugar or crystallized? → 2006.00
- Is it fresh, chilled, frozen, or dried without any preservation? → 0714.30
## Overlaps & pitfalls
A product may be both frozen and preserved with vinegar (e.g., pickled yams in ice), but vinegar preservation takes priority over freezing under 2001.90. If a product is sugared and frozen, it should go to 2006.00 only if sugar is the main preservative. The key is identifying the **primary preservation method**—not secondary traits like temperature or texture